Psalm 23 and Jesus’s prayer from Matthew 6 are two of the
most well known passages of Scripture in the modern world. For centuries,
believers have memorized and recited these passages because of the comfort and
insight they offer. Several years ago, I was fortunate to be part of a class
led by Dallas Willard. During that course, a student asked him what had been
the most beneficial Spiritual practice of his life. He answered that at morning
and at night, he recited and meditated on the Lord’s Prayer or Psalm 23.
For the next year, I took up that practice. Every morning
before getting out of bed and every night before going to sleep, I would pray
through and meditate on one of these two passages. They proved to be more
fruitful for my faith and overall sense of peace than I would have estimated
from the beginning. With careful attention and prayer seeking for insight, I
discovered that when taken together, Psalm 23 is actually a perfect answer to
the petitions of the Lord’s prayer.
What follows is an exposition of this insight. What you
will notice below is that every statement or petition Jesus offers in this
prayer is answered, and even surpassed, by the confident assertion David makes
in Psalm 23.
Jesus’
Prayer: Our Father in
heaven, hallowed be your name, your kingdom come, your will be done, on earth
as it is in heaven.
Psalm
23:
The Lord is my shepherd; I will not be in
want.
Here Jesus opens his prayer with the affirmation that God
is Holy and the assertion/request that God’s will be carried out in our lives
just as it is in the spiritual realm. The psalmist answers saying that God is
Shepherd. The metaphor implies that as a sheep looks to the shepherd for
protection, support, leading, and sustenance, God is the one who provides all
these things precisely because he is all the things that Jesus asserts.
Jesus’
Prayer: Give
us today our daily bread.
Psalm
23:
He makes me lie down in green pastures,
he leads me beside quiet waters, he restores my soul.
This is the first direct request that Jesus makes in the
prayer. The psalmist asserts that the answer, from his experience with the Lord,
goes far beyond the simple request for daily bread. Continuing the metaphor of
shepherd and sheep, David says that he lies down in green pastures. This is a
clear reference to a sheep that has had its fill of good food, and feels safe
and secure. No sheep lies down in a green pasture unless it has eaten all it
wants and feels safe to lie down. The implication is clear. David, as the
sheep, enjoys the protection and provision of a good shepherd. He also speaks
of access to still waters, another reference to safety and having all his needs
met by his shepherd. Finally, he goes beyond the physical needs to the deeper
spiritual and personal needs “he restores my soul.” Jesus requests God’s
provision. The psalmist asserts that in relationship with the Lord all these
are met and them some!
Jesus’
Prayer: And forgive us our
debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors.
Psalm
23:
He guides me along the right paths (or in
paths of righteousness) for his name’s sake.
Here Jesus asks for the forgiveness we all need in order
to be right with God. He qualifies it by asking that we be forgiven as we in
turn forgive others. The psalmist answers that God goes beyond this request.
God not only forgives, but leads him to be righteous in all his ways. He adds
that God does this, “for his name’s sake.” In other words, God guides and
empowers us to forgive as he forgives. He leads us to act rightly and justly so
that others will see his influence in our lives and be drawn to God as a
result. The right paths the psalmist speaks of are paths that draw us closer to
God and others in the context of right relationships. The foundation is being
gracious – forgiving as we have been forgiven – but beyond that, living in the
righteous example of God in all ways. For the psalmist, God answers the request
by shaping and directing us in all our relationships in such a way that His
name is blessed in our lives.
Jesus’
Prayer: And lead us not
into temptation, but deliver us from the evil one.
Psalm
23:
Even though I walk through the valley of
the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for you are with me; your rod and
your staff, they comfort me. You prepare a table before me in the presence of
my enemies. You anoint my head with oil; my cup overflows.
So far, the psalmist has declared that God’s response
goes above and beyond Jesus’s request at every step. This answer reaches the
pinnacle of that insight. Jesus asks that God not lead us into temptation, and
delivers us from evil, Psalm 23 answers with a treatise on God’s power and
provision in the face of danger and the enemy. Temptation is the borderland of
Spiritual danger. The psalmist asserts that even in the darkest, or most
frightening place, there is no need for fear if one walks with God. The
shepherd’s rod and staff in the hand of God represent both discipline and
protection. God by the side of the psalmist means that he is not alone to face
any trial or temptation that threatens to harm him. The next image is the most powerful.
“He prepares a table before me in the presence of my enemies.” It is as though
the psalmist faces his enemies on the field of battle. God enters the scene,
telling the enemy to stand back and watch, as God spreads out a banquet table
in front of him. Then he calls David to sit and eat, while the enemy looks on.
He anoints David’s head with oil, showing that he is God’s chosen one, protected
and dearly loved. He is so greatly cared for that his cups overflows. All this
is done with the enemy held in check and looking on! God’s provision is complete.
Jesus’
Prayer: For yours is the
kingdom and the power and the glory forever and ever. Amen
Psalm
23:
Surely your goodness and love will follow
me all the days of my life, and I will dwell in the house of the Lord forever.
Jesus closes the prayer as he began, asserting that God
is indeed Lord, and that power and glory belong to Him. The psalmist asserts
that because this is true, he will benefit from the peace, goodness, and
blessing that come from living under God’s rule.
Final
Note:
When I first noticed this connection between these
meaningful passages, I had the same thought that I am sure many of you reading
this have: “Psalm 23 is certainly not
intended to be the answer to Jesus’ prayer. David wrote the psalm out of his
own experience, based on the times in which he was living, not as a prophetic
word waiting for a prayer that would not be uttered for 1,000 years!”
Certainly, there is a strong sense in which this is true. Psalm 23 stands on
its own merit as a passage of assurance and peace completely independent of
Jesus’ prayer in Matthew 6.
On the other hand, consider this. Scripture can have
layers of meaning to different people at different times. This is evidence of
the genius of the Spirit of God as he shapes and empowers us through His word.
I believe that God was involved in the process that inspired David with
insights that led to the writing of Psalm 23. It is God himself, in the person
of Jesus, who spoke this prayer as an example of prayer for his disciples. The
two passages work together so well. They each interpret and inform greater insight
into the other. With God involved in both, this should come as no surprise.
David is the great King of Israel. God promises that his
line will never end and that one will come in his line who will stand as the
Christ, the Messiah, the one whose reign will never end. Jesus is that Chosen
One. He speaks this prayer as example to all believers so we will know better
how to structure our own prayers. In his providence, God inspires the answer to
this prayer some 1,000 years before in the words of David. Only God could
inspire the answer to his own prayer 1,000 years before it was spoken!
This is not out of character for God. It is right in line
with what God has done all along. Consider another example, Paul writes in
Romans 5: “While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.” In essence, before
we ever knew we needed a way back to God, he had already made the way through
the blood of Jesus. In a similar way, I am suggesting that Psalm 23 can be read
as an insightful response to Jesus’ prayer, given before the prayer was ever
spoken. I am not saying that Psalm 23
must be only seen in the context of the prayer of Jesus. I am saying that
putting these two together offers us great insight and food for our souls. The
fact that God utters the prayer, in the form of Jesus the Messiah, and David,
the first king in the line of Messiah, penned words in advance that would fill
out the meaning of that prayer, seem to be the kind of providence and wisdom
that bespeaks the power and grace of God.
If the insight I suggest does not make sense to you, or
seems inappropriate, then let it go. If it feels more like a blessing, then be
blessed. Either way, at the very least, consider making these two passages a
more frequent part of your life of connection to God through prayer and
contemplation of his word.